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Unknown bot User-Agents that appear in neither list are banned when ",[839,934,864],{}," is ",[839,937,938],{},"true",[940,941,942],"note",{},[835,943,944],{},"The DNS verification result is cached to avoid repeated lookups for the same IP across requests.",[867,946],{},[870,948,188],{"id":949},"configuration",[951,952,958],"pre",{"className":953,"code":954,"filename":955,"language":956,"meta":957,"style":957},"language-ts shiki shiki-themes light-plus light-plus dracula","await defineConfiguration({\n  store: { main: { driver: 'sqlite', name: '.\u002Fbot-detector.db' } },\n  checkers: {\n    enableGoodBotsChecks: {\n      enable: true,\n      banUnlistedBots: true,\n      penalties: 100,\n    },\n  },\n})\n","server.ts","ts","",[839,959,960,977,1031,1042,1052,1067,1079,1093,1099,1105],{"__ignoreMap":957},[961,962,965,969,973],"span",{"class":963,"line":964},"line",1,[961,966,968],{"class":967},"sZ328","await",[961,970,972],{"class":971},"sHOzp"," defineConfiguration",[961,974,976],{"class":975},"sDd4n","({\n",[961,978,980,984,988,991,994,996,998,1001,1003,1007,1011,1014,1016,1019,1021,1023,1026,1028],{"class":963,"line":979},2,[961,981,983],{"class":982},"sjsA6","  store",[961,985,987],{"class":986},"s34zl",":",[961,989,990],{"class":975}," { ",[961,992,993],{"class":982},"main",[961,995,987],{"class":986},[961,997,990],{"class":975},[961,999,1000],{"class":982},"driver",[961,1002,987],{"class":986},[961,1004,1006],{"class":1005},"sFkSl"," '",[961,1008,1010],{"class":1009},"sFB1V","sqlite",[961,1012,1013],{"class":1005},"'",[961,1015,909],{"class":975},[961,1017,1018],{"class":982},"name",[961,1020,987],{"class":986},[961,1022,1006],{"class":1005},[961,1024,1025],{"class":1009},".\u002Fbot-detector.db",[961,1027,1013],{"class":1005},[961,1029,1030],{"class":975}," } },\n",[961,1032,1034,1037,1039],{"class":963,"line":1033},3,[961,1035,1036],{"class":982},"  checkers",[961,1038,987],{"class":986},[961,1040,1041],{"class":975}," {\n",[961,1043,1045,1048,1050],{"class":963,"line":1044},4,[961,1046,1047],{"class":982},"    enableGoodBotsChecks",[961,1049,987],{"class":986},[961,1051,1041],{"class":975},[961,1053,1055,1058,1060,1064],{"class":963,"line":1054},5,[961,1056,1057],{"class":982},"      enable",[961,1059,987],{"class":986},[961,1061,1063],{"class":1062},"sjR7W"," true",[961,1065,1066],{"class":975},",\n",[961,1068,1070,1073,1075,1077],{"class":963,"line":1069},6,[961,1071,1072],{"class":982},"      banUnlistedBots",[961,1074,987],{"class":986},[961,1076,1063],{"class":1062},[961,1078,1066],{"class":975},[961,1080,1082,1085,1087,1091],{"class":963,"line":1081},7,[961,1083,1084],{"class":982},"      penalties",[961,1086,987],{"class":986},[961,1088,1090],{"class":1089},"spgvN"," 100",[961,1092,1066],{"class":975},[961,1094,1096],{"class":963,"line":1095},8,[961,1097,1098],{"class":975},"    },\n",[961,1100,1102],{"class":963,"line":1101},9,[961,1103,1104],{"class":975},"  },\n",[961,1106,1108],{"class":963,"line":1107},10,[961,1109,1110],{"class":975},"})\n",[1112,1113,1114,1124,1141],"field-group",{},[1115,1116,1119],"field",{"name":1117,"type":1118},"enable","boolean",[835,1120,1121,1122,923],{},"Enables or disables this checker. When disabled, all crawler User-Agents pass through without verification. Default: ",[839,1123,938],{},[1115,1125,1126],{"name":864,"type":1118},[835,1127,1128,1129,1131,1132,1134,1135,1138,1139,923],{},"When ",[839,1130,938],{},", any crawler User-Agent that does not appear in the known bot lists triggers ",[839,1133,853],{}," and an immediate ban. When ",[839,1136,1137],{},"false",", unknown crawlers are passed to the IP range check instead. Default: ",[839,1140,938],{},[1115,1142,1145],{"name":1143,"type":1144},"penalties","number",[835,1146,1147,1148,1150,1151,923],{},"Score applied when a bot User-Agent fails DNS or IP range verification. Note: a failed verification also pushes ",[839,1149,853],{},", which bans the visitor immediately regardless of this score. Default: ",[839,1152,1153],{},"100",[867,1155],{},[870,1157,1159],{"id":1158},"reason-codes","Reason Codes",[1161,1162,1163,1176],"table",{},[1164,1165,1166],"thead",{},[1167,1168,1169,1173],"tr",{},[1170,1171,1172],"th",{},"Code",[1170,1174,1175],{},"Trigger",[1177,1178,1179,1189],"tbody",{},[1167,1180,1181,1186],{},[1182,1183,1184],"td",{},[839,1185,849],{},[1182,1187,1188],{},"DNS or IP range verification passed. Pipeline stops and the request is allowed.",[1167,1190,1191,1195],{},[1182,1192,1193],{},[839,1194,853],{},[1182,1196,1197,1198,935,1200,1202],{},"Crawler User-Agent failed verification, or is an unlisted bot when ",[839,1199,864],{},[839,1201,938],{},". Pipeline stops and the visitor is banned.",[867,1204],{},[870,1206,1208],{"id":1207},"supported-crawlers","Supported Crawlers",[835,1210,1211],{},"The following crawlers are recognized and verified:",[1161,1213,1214,1224],{},[1164,1215,1216],{},[1167,1217,1218,1221],{},[1170,1219,1220],{},"Verification method",[1170,1222,1223],{},"Examples",[1177,1225,1226,1234],{},[1167,1227,1228,1231],{},[1182,1229,1230],{},"DNS (reverse + forward lookup)",[1182,1232,1233],{},"Googlebot, Bingbot, Yandexbot, Applebot, Meta crawler, Twitterbot",[1167,1235,1236,1242],{},[1182,1237,1238,1239,1241],{},"IP range check (",[839,1240,922],{},")",[1182,1243,1244],{},"DuckDuckBot, GPTBot, OAI-SearchBot, ChatGPT-User",[1246,1247,1248],"tip",{},[835,1249,1250,1251,1258,1259,842,1262,1265],{},"Googlebot verification follows the ",[1252,1253,1257],"a",{"href":1254,"rel":1255},"https:\u002F\u002Fdevelopers.google.com\u002Fsearch\u002Fdocs\u002Fcrawling-indexing\u002Fverifying-googlebot",[1256],"nofollow","official Google procedure",": reverse DNS lookup on the IP must return a hostname in ",[839,1260,1261],{},"googlebot.com",[839,1263,1264],{},"google.com",", and then forward DNS on that hostname must resolve back to the original IP.",[867,1267],{},[1269,1270,1271],"warning",{},[835,1272,1273],{},"Do not disable this checker in production. Spoofed Googlebot traffic is one of the most common scraping techniques and the DNS verification is the only reliable way to confirm authenticity.",[1275,1276,1277],"style",{},"html pre.shiki code .sZ328, html code.shiki .sZ328{--shiki-light:#AF00DB;--shiki-default:#AF00DB;--shiki-dark:#FF79C6}html pre.shiki code .sHOzp, html code.shiki .sHOzp{--shiki-light:#795E26;--shiki-default:#795E26;--shiki-dark:#50FA7B}html pre.shiki code .sDd4n, html code.shiki .sDd4n{--shiki-light:#000000;--shiki-default:#000000;--shiki-dark:#F8F8F2}html pre.shiki code .sjsA6, html code.shiki .sjsA6{--shiki-light:#001080;--shiki-default:#001080;--shiki-dark:#F8F8F2}html pre.shiki code .s34zl, html code.shiki .s34zl{--shiki-light:#001080;--shiki-default:#001080;--shiki-dark:#FF79C6}html pre.shiki code .sFkSl, html code.shiki .sFkSl{--shiki-light:#A31515;--shiki-default:#A31515;--shiki-dark:#E9F284}html pre.shiki code .sFB1V, html code.shiki .sFB1V{--shiki-light:#A31515;--shiki-default:#A31515;--shiki-dark:#F1FA8C}html pre.shiki code .sjR7W, html code.shiki .sjR7W{--shiki-light:#0000FF;--shiki-default:#0000FF;--shiki-dark:#BD93F9}html pre.shiki code .spgvN, html code.shiki .spgvN{--shiki-light:#098658;--shiki-default:#098658;--shiki-dark:#BD93F9}html .light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html.light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html .default .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html.dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}",{"title":957,"searchDepth":979,"depth":979,"links":1279},[1280,1281,1282,1283],{"id":872,"depth":979,"text":873},{"id":949,"depth":979,"text":188},{"id":1158,"depth":979,"text":1159},{"id":1207,"depth":979,"text":1208},"Verifies legitimate search engine crawlers through DNS and IP range checks, and penalizes or bans unrecognized bots.","md","i-lucide-bot",{},null,"---\ntitle: Good \u002F Bad Bot Verification\ndescription: Verifies legitimate search engine crawlers through DNS and IP range checks, and penalizes or bans unrecognized bots.\nicon: i-lucide-bot\n---\n\nThe good bots checker intercepts requests from any User-Agent whose browser type is `crawler` or `fetcher`. It then decides whether that crawler is a verified legitimate bot or an impostor. Verified crawlers receive `GOOD_BOT_IDENTIFIED` and bypass the rest of the pipeline. Unverified ones receive `BAD_BOT_DETECTED` and are banned immediately.\n\nThis checker protects against a common attack pattern where malicious bots spoof well-known crawler names (e.g. `Googlebot`) to avoid detection. It also prevents unknown or unlisted bots from crawling the server when `banUnlistedBots` is enabled.\n\n---\n\n## How It Works\n\nThe checker first parses the User-Agent and checks whether the browser type resolves to `crawler` or `fetcher`. Requests from regular browser User-Agents pass through this checker without scoring.\n\nFor crawlers, the checker consults two lists:\n\n- **Bots with a domain suffix** (Googlebot, Bingbot, Yandex, and others in `suffix.json`): the checker performs a reverse DNS lookup on the client IP, then a forward DNS lookup on the returned hostname to verify the IP matches. This two-step DNS verification confirms the bot genuinely originates from the claimed organization.\n\n- **Bots without a suffix** (`duckduckbot`, `gptbot`, `oai-searchbot`, `chatgpt-user`): the checker validates the client IP against pre-compiled IP ranges in `goodBots.mmdb`.\n\nIf either verification passes, the checker returns `GOOD_BOT_IDENTIFIED` and the pipeline ends. If verification fails, the checker returns `BAD_BOT_DETECTED` and the visitor is banned immediately, regardless of score. Unknown bot User-Agents that appear in neither list are banned when `banUnlistedBots` is `true`.\n\n::note\nThe DNS verification result is cached to avoid repeated lookups for the same IP across requests.\n::\n\n---\n\n## Configuration\n\n```ts [server.ts]\nawait defineConfiguration({\n  store: { main: { driver: 'sqlite', name: '.\u002Fbot-detector.db' } },\n  checkers: {\n    enableGoodBotsChecks: {\n      enable: true,\n      banUnlistedBots: true,\n      penalties: 100,\n    },\n  },\n})\n```\n\n::field-group\n::field{name=\"enable\" type=\"boolean\"}\nEnables or disables this checker. When disabled, all crawler User-Agents pass through without verification. Default: `true`.\n::\n\n::field{name=\"banUnlistedBots\" type=\"boolean\"}\nWhen `true`, any crawler User-Agent that does not appear in the known bot lists triggers `BAD_BOT_DETECTED` and an immediate ban. When `false`, unknown crawlers are passed to the IP range check instead. Default: `true`.\n::\n\n::field{name=\"penalties\" type=\"number\"}\nScore applied when a bot User-Agent fails DNS or IP range verification. Note: a failed verification also pushes `BAD_BOT_DETECTED`, which bans the visitor immediately regardless of this score. Default: `100`.\n::\n::\n\n---\n\n## Reason Codes\n\n| Code | Trigger |\n| --- | --- |\n| `GOOD_BOT_IDENTIFIED` | DNS or IP range verification passed. Pipeline stops and the request is allowed. |\n| `BAD_BOT_DETECTED` | Crawler User-Agent failed verification, or is an unlisted bot when `banUnlistedBots` is `true`. Pipeline stops and the visitor is banned. |\n\n---\n\n## Supported Crawlers\n\nThe following crawlers are recognized and verified:\n\n| Verification method | Examples |\n| --- | --- |\n| DNS (reverse + forward lookup) | Googlebot, Bingbot, Yandexbot, Applebot, Meta crawler, Twitterbot |\n| IP range check (`goodBots.mmdb`) | DuckDuckBot, GPTBot, OAI-SearchBot, ChatGPT-User |\n\n::tip\nGooglebot verification follows the [official Google procedure](https:\u002F\u002Fdevelopers.google.com\u002Fsearch\u002Fdocs\u002Fcrawling-indexing\u002Fverifying-googlebot): reverse DNS lookup on the IP must return a hostname in `googlebot.com` or `google.com`, and then forward DNS on that hostname must resolve back to the original IP.\n::\n\n---\n\n::warning\nDo not disable this checker in production. Spoofed Googlebot traffic is one of the most common scraping techniques and the DNS verification is the only reliable way to confirm authenticity.\n::\n",{"title":117,"description":1284},"1ygQ2Sarn9Ceq-yyh28-vn6lURSrRM8ByPAdOemVxJs",[1293,1294],{"title":113,"path":114,"stem":115,"children":-1},{"title":121,"path":122,"stem":123,"children":-1},{"id":830,"title":117,"body":1296,"description":1284,"extension":1285,"icon":1286,"meta":1595,"module":1288,"navigation":8,"path":118,"rawbody":1289,"seo":1596,"stem":119,"__hash__":1291},{"type":832,"value":1297,"toc":1589},[1298,1308,1314,1316,1318,1324,1326,1348,1358,1362,1364,1366,1474,1502,1504,1506,1538,1540,1542,1544,1570,1581,1583,1587],[835,1299,837,1300,842,1302,846,1304,850,1306,854],{},[839,1301,841],{},[839,1303,845],{},[839,1305,849],{},[839,1307,853],{},[835,1309,857,1310,861,1312,865],{},[839,1311,860],{},[839,1313,864],{},[867,1315],{},[870,1317,873],{"id":872},[835,1319,876,1320,842,1322,881],{},[839,1321,841],{},[839,1323,845],{},[835,1325,884],{},[886,1327,1328,1334],{},[889,1329,1330,895,1332,899],{},[892,1331,894],{},[839,1333,898],{},[889,1335,1336,905,1338,909,1340,909,1342,909,1344,919,1346,923],{},[892,1337,904],{},[839,1339,908],{},[839,1341,912],{},[839,1343,915],{},[839,1345,918],{},[839,1347,922],{},[835,1349,926,1350,929,1352,932,1354,935,1356,923],{},[839,1351,849],{},[839,1353,853],{},[839,1355,864],{},[839,1357,938],{},[940,1359,1360],{},[835,1361,944],{},[867,1363],{},[870,1365,188],{"id":949},[951,1367,1368],{"className":953,"code":954,"filename":955,"language":956,"meta":957,"style":957},[839,1369,1370,1378,1416,1424,1432,1442,1452,1462,1466,1470],{"__ignoreMap":957},[961,1371,1372,1374,1376],{"class":963,"line":964},[961,1373,968],{"class":967},[961,1375,972],{"class":971},[961,1377,976],{"class":975},[961,1379,1380,1382,1384,1386,1388,1390,1392,1394,1396,1398,1400,1402,1404,1406,1408,1410,1412,1414],{"class":963,"line":979},[961,1381,983],{"class":982},[961,1383,987],{"class":986},[961,1385,990],{"class":975},[961,1387,993],{"class":982},[961,1389,987],{"class":986},[961,1391,990],{"class":975},[961,1393,1000],{"class":982},[961,1395,987],{"class":986},[961,1397,1006],{"class":1005},[961,1399,1010],{"class":1009},[961,1401,1013],{"class":1005},[961,1403,909],{"class":975},[961,1405,1018],{"class":982},[961,1407,987],{"class":986},[961,1409,1006],{"class":1005},[961,1411,1025],{"class":1009},[961,1413,1013],{"class":1005},[961,1415,1030],{"class":975},[961,1417,1418,1420,1422],{"class":963,"line":1033},[961,1419,1036],{"class":982},[961,1421,987],{"class":986},[961,1423,1041],{"class":975},[961,1425,1426,1428,1430],{"class":963,"line":1044},[961,1427,1047],{"class":982},[961,1429,987],{"class":986},[961,1431,1041],{"class":975},[961,1433,1434,1436,1438,1440],{"class":963,"line":1054},[961,1435,1057],{"class":982},[961,1437,987],{"class":986},[961,1439,1063],{"class":1062},[961,1441,1066],{"class":975},[961,1443,1444,1446,1448,1450],{"class":963,"line":1069},[961,1445,1072],{"class":982},[961,1447,987],{"class":986},[961,1449,1063],{"class":1062},[961,1451,1066],{"class":975},[961,1453,1454,1456,1458,1460],{"class":963,"line":1081},[961,1455,1084],{"class":982},[961,1457,987],{"class":986},[961,1459,1090],{"class":1089},[961,1461,1066],{"class":975},[961,1463,1464],{"class":963,"line":1095},[961,1465,1098],{"class":975},[961,1467,1468],{"class":963,"line":1101},[961,1469,1104],{"class":975},[961,1471,1472],{"class":963,"line":1107},[961,1473,1110],{"class":975},[1112,1475,1476,1482,1494],{},[1115,1477,1478],{"name":1117,"type":1118},[835,1479,1121,1480,923],{},[839,1481,938],{},[1115,1483,1484],{"name":864,"type":1118},[835,1485,1128,1486,1131,1488,1134,1490,1138,1492,923],{},[839,1487,938],{},[839,1489,853],{},[839,1491,1137],{},[839,1493,938],{},[1115,1495,1496],{"name":1143,"type":1144},[835,1497,1147,1498,1150,1500,923],{},[839,1499,853],{},[839,1501,1153],{},[867,1503],{},[870,1505,1159],{"id":1158},[1161,1507,1508,1516],{},[1164,1509,1510],{},[1167,1511,1512,1514],{},[1170,1513,1172],{},[1170,1515,1175],{},[1177,1517,1518,1526],{},[1167,1519,1520,1524],{},[1182,1521,1522],{},[839,1523,849],{},[1182,1525,1188],{},[1167,1527,1528,1532],{},[1182,1529,1530],{},[839,1531,853],{},[1182,1533,1197,1534,935,1536,1202],{},[839,1535,864],{},[839,1537,938],{},[867,1539],{},[870,1541,1208],{"id":1207},[835,1543,1211],{},[1161,1545,1546,1554],{},[1164,1547,1548],{},[1167,1549,1550,1552],{},[1170,1551,1220],{},[1170,1553,1223],{},[1177,1555,1556,1562],{},[1167,1557,1558,1560],{},[1182,1559,1230],{},[1182,1561,1233],{},[1167,1563,1564,1568],{},[1182,1565,1238,1566,1241],{},[839,1567,922],{},[1182,1569,1244],{},[1246,1571,1572],{},[835,1573,1250,1574,1258,1577,842,1579,1265],{},[1252,1575,1257],{"href":1254,"rel":1576},[1256],[839,1578,1261],{},[839,1580,1264],{},[867,1582],{},[1269,1584,1585],{},[835,1586,1273],{},[1275,1588,1277],{},{"title":957,"searchDepth":979,"depth":979,"links":1590},[1591,1592,1593,1594],{"id":872,"depth":979,"text":873},{"id":949,"depth":979,"text":188},{"id":1158,"depth":979,"text":1159},{"id":1207,"depth":979,"text":1208},{},{"title":117,"descrip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