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Default: ",[867,1061,1062],{},"true",[1053,1064,1066],{"name":869,"type":1065},"number",[835,1067,1068,1069,874],{},"The coefficient of variation below which timing is considered unnaturally regular. Lower values only flag very mechanical bots; higher values flag moderately regular timing as well. Default: ",[867,1070,1071],{},"0.1",[1053,1073,1075],{"name":1074,"type":1065},"penalties",[835,1076,1077,1078,874],{},"Score applied when the CV falls below the threshold. Default: ",[867,1079,1080],{},"40",[842,1082],{},[845,1084,1086],{"id":1085},"reason-codes","Reason Codes",[1088,1089,1090,1103],"table",{},[1091,1092,1093],"thead",{},[1094,1095,1096,1100],"tr",{},[1097,1098,1099],"th",{},"Code",[1097,1101,1102],{},"Trigger",[1104,1105,1106],"tbody",{},[1094,1107,1108,1113],{},[1109,1110,1111],"td",{},[867,1112,873],{},[1109,1114,1115,1116,874],{},"The coefficient of variation of inter-request intervals is below ",[867,1117,869],{},[842,1119],{},[1121,1122,1123],"tip",{},[835,1124,1125,1126,1128],{},"If your application includes long-polling or WebSocket reconnection logic that sends requests on a fixed interval, consider raising ",[867,1127,869],{}," slightly or disabling this checker for those specific endpoints. Fixed-interval programmatic clients that are not bots can trigger this check.",[1130,1131,1132],"style",{},"html pre.shiki code .sZ328, html code.shiki .sZ328{--shiki-light:#AF00DB;--shiki-default:#AF00DB;--shiki-dark:#FF79C6}html pre.shiki code .sHOzp, html code.shiki .sHOzp{--shiki-light:#795E26;--shiki-default:#795E26;--shiki-dark:#50FA7B}html pre.shiki code .sDd4n, html code.shiki .sDd4n{--shiki-light:#000000;--shiki-default:#000000;--shiki-dark:#F8F8F2}html pre.shiki code .sjsA6, html code.shiki .sjsA6{--shiki-light:#001080;--shiki-default:#001080;--shiki-dark:#F8F8F2}html pre.shiki code .s34zl, html code.shiki .s34zl{--shiki-light:#001080;--shiki-default:#001080;--shiki-dark:#FF79C6}html pre.shiki code .sFkSl, html code.shiki .sFkSl{--shiki-light:#A31515;--shiki-default:#A31515;--shiki-dark:#E9F284}html pre.shiki code .sFB1V, html code.shiki .sFB1V{--shiki-light:#A31515;--shiki-default:#A31515;--shiki-dark:#F1FA8C}html pre.shiki code .sjR7W, html code.shiki .sjR7W{--shiki-light:#0000FF;--shiki-default:#0000FF;--shiki-dark:#BD93F9}html pre.shiki code .spgvN, html code.shiki .spgvN{--shiki-light:#098658;--shiki-default:#098658;--shiki-dark:#BD93F9}html .light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html.light .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-light);background: var(--shiki-light-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-light-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-light-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-light-text-decoration);}html .default .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}html.dark .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-dark);background: var(--shiki-dark-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-dark-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-dark-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-dark-text-decoration);}",{"title":893,"searchDepth":915,"depth":915,"links":1134},[1135,1136,1137],{"id":847,"depth":915,"text":848},{"id":885,"depth":915,"text":188},{"id":1085,"depth":915,"text":1086},"Detects bots by measuring the statistical regularity of inter-request timing intervals across a session.","md","i-lucide-timer",{},null,"---\ntitle: Velocity Fingerprint\ndescription: Detects bots by measuring the statistical regularity of inter-request timing intervals across a session.\nicon: i-lucide-timer\n---\n\nThe velocity fingerprint checker measures how regular the time gaps between a visitor's requests are. Human browsing is inherently irregular: users read content, click around, get distracted, and navigate unpredictably. Bots operate on timers or tight loops and produce intervals that are either very consistent or mechanically patterned.\n\nThis checker runs in the heavy phase and reads timestamps from the timing cache keyed by canary cookie.\n\n---\n\n## How It Works\n\nThe checker stores up to 10 request timestamps per canary cookie in the cache. Evaluation begins once at least 5 timestamps are available.\n\nFrom the stored timestamps, the checker computes the intervals between consecutive requests. It then calculates the [coefficient of variation](https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCoefficient_of_variation) (CV) of those intervals: the standard deviation divided by the mean.\n\nA CV close to zero means the intervals are nearly identical: the visitor is making requests on a fixed timer. A high CV means the intervals vary widely, consistent with human behavior. When the CV falls below `cvThreshold`, the checker applies the penalty and attaches `TIMING_TOO_REGULAR`.\n\n::note\nThe checker requires at least 5 samples before it evaluates timing. This means a minimum of 5 requests with a canary cookie are needed before this check can fire. Short sessions where bots send only a few requests will not trigger it.\n::\n\n---\n\n## Configuration\n\n```ts [server.ts]\nawait defineConfiguration({\n  store: { main: { driver: 'sqlite', name: '.\u002Fbot-detector.db' } },\n  checkers: {\n    enableVelocityFingerprint: {\n      enable: true,\n      cvThreshold: 0.1,\n      penalties: 40,\n    },\n  },\n})\n```\n\n::field-group\n::field{name=\"enable\" type=\"boolean\"}\nEnables or disables this checker. Default: `true`.\n::\n\n::field{name=\"cvThreshold\" type=\"number\"}\nThe coefficient of variation below which timing is considered unnaturally regular. Lower values only flag very mechanical bots; higher values flag moderately regular timing as well. Default: `0.1`.\n::\n\n::field{name=\"penalties\" type=\"number\"}\nScore applied when the CV falls below the threshold. Default: `40`.\n::\n::\n\n---\n\n## Reason Codes\n\n| Code | Trigger |\n| --- | --- |\n| `TIMING_TOO_REGULAR` | The coefficient of variation of inter-request intervals is below `cvThreshold`. |\n\n---\n\n::tip\nIf your application includes long-polling or WebSocket reconnection logic that sends requests on a fixed interval, consider raising `cvThreshold` slightly or disabling this checker for those specific endpoints. 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